ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the processes of gametogenesis in both the male and female and the gonadal embryology in both the male and female. It explores the processes of fertilisation, embryo development and implantation and investigates implantation disorders and recurrent pregnancy loss. The chapter discusses the relationship between the perimenstrual endocrinological changes and menstrual disorders. The functions of the ovary are to engineer the periodic release of oocytes and to produce steroid and glycoprotein hormones. Both functions are integrated in the continuous processes of growth and maturation of the primordial to Graafian follicle, containing the oocyte, followed by ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum. The physiological responsibilities of the testis are, in principle, similar to those of the ovary, that is, the production of gametes and sex steroids. However, sex steroid production in the male is a continuous, non-episodic process, which is independent of the development of gametes.
