ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the epidemiology, aetiology and pathogenesis of infertility and explores clinical management and prognosis of all aspects of female fertility problems. The advances in infertility treatment and the access of patients to such information have led to early presentation of these patients and their request for treatment. The most common causes of infertility in the female are ovulatory and tubal factors. Endometriosis in its moderate to severe forms has also been linked to infertility, despite a lack of clear understanding of the connection between the two phenomena. Anovulation is a frequent cause of infertility. The most common presentation of anovulation is associated with normal gonadotrophin concentrations. Tubal damage underlies infertility in approximately 14 percent of couples and 40 percent of infertile women. Submucous leiomyomata, congenital uterine abnormalities, endometrial polyps and intrauterine adhesions are all potential causes of infertility. The lack of an identifiable reason for infertility in this category makes the treatment empirical.
