ABSTRACT

We need a technique to ascertain the stability of the closed-loop (CL) system. Generally, this means whether the roots of CL characteristic polynomial (CP) p(z) all lie within the unit circle. This is shown as

p z T z

G z H z

G z H z ( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

( ) = =

+ denominator of

ˇ

ˇ1

(4.1)

or p z zI K( ) = − +Φ Γ (4.2)

Equation 4.2 is a polynomial in z given by

p z a z a z a a n n

n( ) ( )= + + + =−0 1 1 0 1 generally

This technique should be simple and involve {ai} only and should be applicable to any polynomial in z.