ABSTRACT
With all means of imaging techniques available currently, 25% to 30% of patients with testicular cancer will be understaged while some of these patients will be overstaged (2). Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy is the most sensitive and specific method for testicular cancer staging and has also a therapeutic value. Because open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection failed to cure all patients with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, all our clinical stage I patients diagnosed as pathologic stage II received chemotherapy as the definitive treatment.
