ABSTRACT
The rapid and steady increase in skin cancer incidence observed worldwide is
most likely a result of several factors, but, in particular, an increased exposure
to ultraviolet (UV) light and earlier detection of skin cancer. Exposure to ultra-
violet radiation (UVR) is considered the most important preventable risk factor
for skin cancer, as it increases the risk of all three major forms of skin cancer
(1). Skin cancer risk can therefore theoretically be reduced by decreasing
exposure to UV light. Outdoor sunbathing, outdoor activities involving sun
exposure, vacations to sunny resorts, sunbed use, and sun protection behavior
are all behaviors related to the exposure of UV light. Skin self-examination,
screening attendance, and early detection of malignant melanoma are also rel-
evant for preventing skin cancer, as early detection is associated with better prog-
nosis (2). Theories and methods developed within the behavioral and social
sciences can make valuable contributions to our understanding of these beha-
viors, and give valuable guidance on how interventions should be constructed
to promote behavior change. Firstly, in this chapter, a few of the most frequently
used models of individual health behavior are briefly described. Secondly, a
review of the results from studies of determinants for skin cancer relevant beha-
viors is presented, along with models trying to explain these behaviors. Lastly,
some recommendations for future preventive efforts in the field are given.
