ABSTRACT
Introduction............................................................................................................ 106 IMPRINT............................................................................................................... 106 ACT-R..................................................................................................................... 108 IMPRINT.and.ACT-R.Integration......................................................................... 110 Human.Performance.Model.of.Pilot.Navigation.While.Taxiing........................... 111
The.IMPRINT.Model................................................................................... 112 The.ACT-R.Model......................................................................................... 113 Results........................................................................................................... 115
Human.Performance.Model.of.Approach.and.Landing......................................... 115 The.IMPRINT.Model................................................................................... 116 The.ACT-R.Model......................................................................................... 118 Communications.Protocol............................................................................. 119 Findings.and.Implications............................................................................. 120
Extending.the.Approach.and.Landing.Models.......................................................124 Generalizing.the.ACT-R.Approach.Model.Through.Learned.Utility. of.Information.Sources..................................................................................124 Learning.at.Multiple.Levels.of.Decomposed.Tasks...................................... 125 Further.Investigations.Suggested.by.Learned.Utility.of.Information. Sources.......................................................................................................... 128
Model.Validation.................................................................................................... 129 Validation.Level.1:.Successful.Task.Completion.......................................... 129 Validation.Level.2:.Assessing.Subtask.Correspondence.............................. 131
Validating.Task.1:.Simulation.Initiation............................................. 133 Validating.Task.2:.Descent.From.3,000.ft.......................................... 133
This.chapter.describes.the.approach.for.modeling.pilot.error.in.the.National.Aeronautic. and. Space. Administration. Human. Performance. Modeling. (NASA. HPM). project. adopted.by.the.Micro.Analysis.and.Design.(MAAD).team..The.approach.consists. of. using. an. integration. of. a. task. network. modeling. architecture. and. a. cognitive. architecture.to.model.the.state.of.the.environment.and.the.actions.of.the.pilots.as. they.operate.the.commercial.aircraft..The.primary.benefit.of.this.effort.is.in.taking. advantage.of.the.strengths.of.each.tool.in.order.to.increase.the.fidelity.of.human.performance.models,.without.unnecessarily.burdening.the.model.developer..An.additional.benefit.is.in.introducing.a.clean.practical.and.conceptual.separation.between. models. of. the. environment. and. of. the. pilots. preventing. unwanted. and. erroneous. dependencies. and. emphasizing. flows. of. information.. Additionally,. this. project. exploits.the.synergy.between.the.computer.science.and.cognitive.science.communities..This.synergy.will.promote.the.advancement.of.human.performance.modeling. approaches.and. tools. through. the.selective.application.of.computational.cognitive. modeling.technology.
