ABSTRACT
OVERVIEW Importance Fever of unknown origin (FUO) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is a challenging test of the acumen of the physician. The characteristics of FUO in HIV-infected persons have been published in several studies conducted prior to the advent of the new HIV therapies and published from 1992 to 1999 (Table 1). In this chapter, we will review these series on FUO in HIV (19). Since they have been reported, however, the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in a dramatic reduction in various AIDS-related illnesses that themselves cause FUO (10,11). In addition, newer manifestations of the classic AIDS-associated opportunistic infections, the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes (IRIS), were first described shortly following the use of HAART (12)]. This chapter will summarize the findings in the two series, which have evaluated the effect of potent antiretroviral therapy on the incidence and clinical manifestations of specific diseases that cause FUO in HIV-infected patients (13,14).
