ABSTRACT

The definition of vitrification is the solidification of a solution at a low temperature without the formation of ice crystals, by increasing the viscosity using high cooling rates.1 The rapid cooling process can minimize chilling injury and osmotic shock to the embryos. Vitrification, with recent improvements, has become a reliable strategy, not only because it is very simple but also because it can lead to high survival rates. To induce vitrification in liquid nitrogen, the solution must contain a high concentration of cryoprotectant.2