ABSTRACT
Introduction 250 Cytokine biology 251 TH1 and TH2 cytokines 251 Regulatory T cells 251 Chemokines 252 Tumor necrosis factor receptor and ligand families 252 Cytokine signaling 252 Cytokines in Hodgkin lymphoma 253 Cytokine expression in Reed-Sternberg cells 253 The role of cytokines in Reed-Sternberg cell proliferation 255
and survival The role of cytokines in the reactive infiltrate in Hodgkin 256
lymphoma Cytokines and impaired cellular immunity in Hodgkin 257
lymphoma
Cytokines and Hodgkin lymphoma: summary 257 Cytokines and T cell lymphoid neoplasms 258 Peripheral T cell lymphoma, unspecified 259 Anaplastic large cell lymphoma 259 Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma 260 Lennert lymphoma 260 Cutaneous T cell lymphoma 260 Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma 261 Cytokines and B cell lymphoid neoplasms 261 Diffuse large B cell lymphoma 261 Multiple myeloma 261 Other B cell lymphoid neoplasms 262 Cytokines in lymphoid neoplasms: summary 262 Key points 262 References 262
Cytokines are low-molecular-weight proteins that play a crucial role in the regulation of the immune response. They are produced by and act upon several different cell types, but lymphocytes are the main cell population that produces cytokines, and they in turn depend on them for their differentiation, proliferation, survival, and biologic activity. Since cytokines play such an important role in normal lymphocyte biology, it is not surprising that cytokines play a role in the biology of their malignant counterparts, the lymphoid neoplasms. As with normal lymphocytes, lymphoma cells are capable of producing and responding to cytokines, which can act as growth factors for lymphoma cells, and also contribute to an altered immune response that promotes the development and maintenance of lymphomas.
