ABSTRACT
This chapter illustrates analysis of different epidemiological designs, namely cohort studies and matched as well as unmatched case-control studies. Four datasets will be used which are presented in the form of cross-tabulations in Tables 11.1 to 11.4. (Tables 11.1 and 11.4 are taken from Clayton and Hills (1993) with permission of their publisher, Oxford University Press.)
The data in Table 11.1 result from a cohort study which investigated the relationship between diet and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Here we consider low energy intake as a risk factor since it is highly associated with lack of physical exercise. The table gives frequencies of IHD by ten-year age-band and exposure to a high or low calorie diet. The total person-years of observation are also given for each cell.
