ABSTRACT
Abnormally Pressured: A pore pressure higher than a column of seawater for that true vertical depth. Abnormal Pressure: Pressure outside the normal or expected range. Abrasion (Geologic): A form of mechanical weathering where loose fragments are transported with water or wind. Abrasion (Mechanical): Wearing away by friction. Abrasive: Particles propelled at a velocity sufcient to cause cleaning or wearing away of a surface. Abrasive Jetting: A perforating process involving pumping a slurry of liquid and size particles through a nozzle to cut through steel and rock. ABS: American Bureau of Shipping. Absolute Ages: Estimation/measurement of age of a formation, fossil, etc., in years before the present. Absolute Filter Level: A lter rating that purports to set the maximum size of an opening in a lter or the maximum size of the particle that can pass through the lter. The denition varies with use and company. Absolute Open Flow: The maximum rate that a well can produce at the lowest possible bottom-hole pressure (usually figured with a gas gradient). Absolute Open Flow Potential: The theoretical maximum ¤ow that a well could deliver with a zero back pressure at the middle of the perforations. Absolute Permeability: Permeability to a single-phase ¤uid in a cleaned core. Absolute Porosity: The percentage of the total bulk volume, that is, pore spaces, voids, or fractures. Absolute Pressure: (1) The reading of gage pressure plus the atmospheric pressure. (2) Gage pressure plus barometric or atmospheric pressure. Absolute pressure can be zero only in a perfect vacuum. See Pressure, absolute (psia). Absolute Temperature: Temperature measurement starting at absolute zero (total absence of heat). Absolute Viscosity: The measure of a ¤uid’s ability to resist ¤ow without regard to its density. It is dened as a ¤uid’s kinematic viscosity multiplied by its density. Absolute Volume: The volume a solid occupies when added to a ¤uid divided by its weight. m3/kg or gal/lb. Absolute Zero: Zero point on the absolute temperature scale; equal to −273.16°C, or 0 K, or −459.69°F, or 0°R. Absorb: To ll part or all of the pore spaces. Absorber or Contactor: (1) Equipment in acid gas removal units where neutralization reactions of acid gases is achieved using amines or carbonates. (2) A vertical, cylindrical vessel that recovers heavier (longer carbon chain) hydrocarbons from a mixture of lighter hydrocarbons. Absorptance (Seismic): The ratio of the energy absorbed by a formation in relationship to the total energy passing through it.
