ABSTRACT
Cake: Filter or mud cake, stranded by dehydration on the face of a permeable formation by ¤uid loss. Calcareous Coating: A calcium carbonate coating. Calcite: Calcium carbonate (CaCO3). May be rock (limestone) or a scale formed from supersaturated solution at the site of a chemical or physical upset. Calcium Bromide: CaBr2, water-soluble brine weighting agent. Calcium Carbonate: CaCO3, limestone, a common formation or, when in particles, a weighting or ¤uid loss agent. Calcium Chloride: CaCl2, a water-soluble brine weighting agent. Calcium Hydroxide: Ca(OH)2, slaked lime. Calcium Oxide: CaO, quick lime. Calcium Reducers: Soda ash, bicarbonate of soda, caustic soda, and some phosphates. Act to reduce the effects of calcium in a ¤uid. Calcium Sulfate: Gyp or anhydrite, CaSO4. Calcium Treated: Calcium or other divalent ion added to a ¤uid to inhibit shale or clay dispersement. Calculated Absolute Open Flow: A theoretical gure of a well’s maximum production. Calendar Month: The period beginning on the rst “gas day” of the calendar month and ending on the rst “gas day” of the next month. Calibration: Comparison to a standard and adjustment to t. Caliche: A calcium-rich surface soil. Caliper Log: A recording of the diameter changes in a well made by a tool with mechanical arms that touch the wellbore or a sonic signal bouncing off the borehole wall. Call Option: An option that provides the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset (a commodity or nancial instrument) at a specied strike price for a specied period of time. If the market price is below the strike price at any given moment in the option period, exercise of the option would not occur as to do so would incur a loss for the holder. The holder’s only loss is then the premium paid for the option. Selling a call obligates the seller to sell at the agreed strike price during the option period. A call option is the opposite of a put option. CALM: See Catenary anchor leg mooring. Calori–c Value: (1) A measure of the amount of energy released as heat when a fuel is burned. (2) The quantity of heat produced by the complete combustion of a fuel. This can be measured dry or saturated with water vapor, net or gross. The general convention is dry and gross. See also Heating value. Calorimetry: Calorimetry is a technique for measuring the heat generated or lost in a chemical reaction. The reaction is carried out in such a way that as much as possible the heat change is transferred to another material, raising its temperature. The heat generated can then be calculated from the amount of the material heated and its specic heat.
