ABSTRACT
Nanomaterials in general have emerged as potential tools in almost every eld from space to environment and health to robotics. With increasing demand of silver nanomaterials, it is necessary to evaluate toxicity carefully before accepting silver nanomaterial in wider anti-inammatory or wound healing, drug delivery bacterial systems, and several other implant bioapplications. In this chapter, technical developments on silver nanomaterials
CONTENTS
11.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 241 11.1.1 Nanotoxicity of Silver Nanomaterials .............................................................. 242 11.1.2 Motivation: Combining Nanotechnology and Silver Nanoparticle
Surface Science with Growing Bioapplications .............................................. 242 11.2 Silver Nanoparticles and Toxicity Testing ...................................................................... 244
11.2.1 Qualitative Elemental Analyses of Silver Nanoparticles .............................. 245 11.2.2 Silver-Impregnated Cellulose ............................................................................ 245 11.2.3 Silver Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity in Bacteria ................................................... 246 11.2.4 Silver Toxicity on Human Fibroblasts .............................................................. 247 11.2.5 Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action and Cellular Cytotoxicity ..................250 11.2.6 Silver-Induced Effect on Cell Morphology ...................................................... 251 11.2.7 Silver-Induced Effects on Cell Viability ........................................................... 251 11.2.8 Role of Ag-Nanoparticles in Oxidative Stress................................................. 252 11.2.9 Role of Ag-Nanoparticles in Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain,
Synthesis of ATP, and ROS ................................................................................ 252 11.2.10 Effect of Ag-Nanoparticles on Cell Cycle ........................................................254 11.2.11 Role of Ag-Nanoparticles in Apoptosis and Necrosis ...................................254 11.2.12 Genotoxicity of Ag-Nanoparticles ....................................................................255 11.2.13 Role of Ag-Nanoparticles in DNA Damage, Reduced Cellular ATP
Content, and Cell Cycle Arrest .......................................................................... 257 11.2.14 Transmission Electron Microscopy ..................................................................258
