ABSTRACT
Nature is always the main source of all inspiration. During the process of evolution, nature has created strong, sensitive, and promising smart materials to realize structural construction and functional integration. The unique and fantastic properties of natural materials have triggered enormous scientic interest to fabricate carbonaceous materials such as graphene, a two-dimensional single-layer carbon sheet with a hexagonal packed lattice structure. Indeed, the last decade has witnessed the certain merits and great advances of this wonder material in a variety of scientic elds for both fundamental research and practical applications. Given the enormous potential motivated by its properties, graphene is now increasingly used as a potent biomimetic material for wide technological applications. This chapter will provide a comprehensive overview of the versatility of graphene and its counterparts as competent biomimetic materials for articial photosynthesis, enzyme biomimetics, superhydrophobic lms and surfaces, β-sheet proteins, cellular membrane, mammalian skeletal muscle, as well as cell sensors with remarkable performance.
