ABSTRACT
Biotechnology is the action aiming at producing useful products for various branches of the economy by means of biological components and microorganisms, viruses, animal and vegetable cells, as well as extracellular substances found within tissues. The growing scope of these activities includes production of a biological system, a producer strain, using the recombination technique and cell engineering. As a result of processes taking place in the presence of microorganisms, materials of various forms are produced, such as microorganisms similar to the inlet materials, e.g., yeast and bacteria. The product may be a substance with a complex chemical structure in the form of a high-molecular polymer or organic compound (e.g., antibiotics, vitamins, and organic acids).
