ABSTRACT

Proteins derived from various natural sources such as plant, animal, and milk are converted into dry powder form to enhance their stability and for long-term storage. Even therapeutic proteins such as antibodies, which are usually delivered after reconstitution, are also rst converted into powder (Sane et al., 2004). Dry therapeutic proteins are being increasingly used in their native form for inhalation and pulmonary and transdermal delivery (Johnson, 1997). Nontherapeutic proteins such as milk proteins are important ingredients in manufactured functional and health foods. They are also converted into dry powder form.