ABSTRACT
A variety of pleural eusions arise from diseases below the diaphragm. Usually caused by diseases of the upper abdomen, evaluation of these eusions can provide diagnostic and prognostic assistance to disease management. e pleural space is anatomically only a few millimeters away from the abdomen and is separated by the muscular and tendinous portions of the diaphragms. Given the close proximity of the abdominal and thoracic spaces, any peritoneal uid collection that contacts the abdominal side of the diaphragm can potentially result in the development of a pleural eusion.
