Accessing the Molecular Organization of the Stratum Corneum Using High-Resolution Electron Microscopy and Computer Simulation

The superficial-most layer of skin-the stratum corneum or as sometimes referred to as the horny layer-represents the main barrier toward delivery of drugs through skin. The secret behind the horny layer’s barrier properties lies in its structural organization. It is composed of keratin-filled cells embedded in an extracellular fat matrix that is largely impermeable to both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds.