ABSTRACT
Challenges and development perspectives on nanopatterned implants loaded with drugs intended to replace or improve human organs and tissues are analyzed. An innovative approach to polymer and composite design combines the surface modification on the molecular and nanosized levels, formation of the implant matrix as hybrid nanocomposite, and drug encapsulation aimed at ensuring their targeted and programed delivery. The economic and scientometric situations in the world development of composite and hybrid implant systems are briefly described. The major fields in nanoimplantology for the nearest decade are represented, including cardiology, ophthalmology, genitourology and orthopedy. The prospects for biodegradable polymers, such as poly(α-hydroxy acids) (PLA PGA, PLGA) and poly(β-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHB, PHVB), are considered, as well as nanoscale biochips and sensors, miniature electromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS), and neurological conduits.
