ABSTRACT
We have discussed properties, state functions, systems, work, energy, and heat in the previous chapters. In this chapter, we will consider the conservation of energy as the basis for the rst law of thermodynamics. Although Newton rst proposed the equivalence of heat and work, it is only in relatively recent times, as a result of both observation and analysis, that the principle of conservation has become one of the cornerstones of thermodynamics. Most of this chapter will be concerned with the application of the rst law of thermodynamics to both nonow and ow systems and to develop energy equations applicable to these systems. The rst law of thermodynamics will enable us to determine the energy
quantities passing to or from a system as work and/or heat and also to determine the changes in the energy stored in the system.
