ABSTRACT
For example. carbon content can be determined by the method designated for coal and coke (ASTM D-3178) or by the method designated for municipal solid vvastc (ASTM E-777). There are also methods designated for
I. Hydrogen content (ASTM D-1018, ASTM D-3178, ASTM D-3343, ASTM D3701, and ASTM E-777)
2. Nitrogen content (ASTM D-31 ASTM D-3228, ASTM D-3431, ASTM E-148, ASTM and ASTM E-778)
3. Oxygen contenl (ASTM E-385) 4. Sulfur content (ASTM D-124, ASTM D-1266, ASTM D-1552, ASTM D-1757,
ASTM D-2662, ASTM D-3177, ASTM D-4045 and ASTM D-4294) For any feedstock, the higher the atomic hydrogen/carbon ratio, the higher is its value
as refinery feedstock because of the lower hydrogen requirements for upgrading. Similarly, the lower the heteroatomic content. the lower the hydrogen requirements for upgrading. Thus, inspection of the elemental composition of feedstocks provides an initial indication of the quality of the feedstock and, with the molecular weight, indicates the molar hydrogen requirements for upgrading (Fig. 3.1).
