ABSTRACT
While extensive research has been performed deriving parametric equations of UF of profile tubular joints, there has been virtually no work examining UF of alternative joint types. Grundy (1989) presented a case for the use of flattenedend connections, in which these connections were claimed to offer several advantages over traditional profile-type connections. Flattened-end connections require less forming in the fabrication process, and are therefore easier to contour form than traditional connections. Structurally, the use of these connections eliminates joint eccentricity which results in member end moments. Flattened-end connections also exhibit considerable out of plane strength, due to the increased moment of inertia of the flattened section compared to a fully circular section. Research performed by Foo (1990) has also shown that the use of composite joints incorporating flattened-end braces significantly reduces stress concentration factors around the brace-chord intersecting region.
