ABSTRACT

III. Failure Mechanisms 491 A. Continuum Models and Bifurcation 491 B. Composites, Wood, and Polymers 493 C. Fiber Level Mechanisms 496 D. Material Failure 496 E. Structural Buckling and the Role of Shear 496

IV. Different Testing Principles 498 A. Aspects of Sheet Characterization 499 B. Short-Span Specimen Geometry 500 C. Plate-Supported Specimen 503 D. Blade-Supported Specimen 508 E. Cylindrical Geometry 510 F. Corrugated Specimen 513 G. Comparison of Different Test Methods 514 H. Meaning of Compression Strength 519 I. Commercially Available Instruments 521

References 521