ABSTRACT

A container (width= 4.70 m, height= 3.00 m, depth= 0.70 m) is filled with balls (diameter= 20 cm). The balls are generated above the container and repeatedly poured into the container under normal gravitational acceleration. The user defined ball parameters (normal stiffness, shear stiffness, surface friction) are kept constant for all simulations. The simulated states are: pouring of balls into the container, balls at rest (earth pressure at rest) and balls exposed to the displacement of one front wall (active earth pressure).