ABSTRACT

Reports on the Erzincan earthquake in Turkey on 13 March 1993 (NCE, 1993) have confirmed the importance of beam-column joint design, as it was a primary cause of failures, in particular, lack of confinement steel (no horizontal links in the joint core) and poor detailing in general. The three refer­ ences cited in this chapter are essential reading where building design involves seismic actions.