ABSTRACT
In this chapter the most-common reaction-rate equations on the level of cell and enzyme will be introduced as well as methods of estimation of the kinetic constants herein. The rate equations are based on the consumption of substrate, and especially in the case of cells, there generally is no stoichiometric relation with product formation. From a mathematic point of view there is no difference between the rate equations for consumption of substrate in conversions by either cells or enzymes. However, because cells can grow and need maintenance energy (see Chapter 3), the eventual models for description of the bioprocess on the level of the bioreactor are quite different. Therefore, cell and enzyme kinetics are treated separately in this chapter.
