ABSTRACT
High-velocity forming (HVF) and high-energy-rate forming (HERF) processes are distinguished from conventional forming processes by their higher forming speeds. The range of speeds for conventional forming is 0.3 to 5 m/s. The upper limit of these forming speeds is attained when power drop hammers are used in forging processes, as shown in Section 9.3.4.3. The range of forming speeds in HVF and HERF is 5 to 300 m/s. These nonconventional forming processes began in 1960 and grew fast to cope with the Space Age requirements of tougher and more highly heat resistant materials, as well as larger product sizes.
