ABSTRACT
Traditional machining comprises two basic types, namely, the chipping (or cutting) processes and the abrasive processes. The chipping processes such as turning, boring, shaping, planing, milling, broaching, and so on, are those in which a single or multiedge cutting tools of denite tool geometry are used. The abrasive processes such as grinding, honing, lapping, and so on, are those in which cutting abrasives of nondenite geometry, in a bonded form or as free powder, are used. In Chapter 16, the traditional general purpose machine tools and their operations are brie¨y dealt with. Details of metal cutting theory are outside the scope of this book; the reader is referred to original literature for such details. However, there are some facts based on observations, describing clearly the phenomenon of chipping and abrasion processes. Such facts could be understood, merely using imagination, supplemented by sound engineering judgment.
