ABSTRACT
I. General 328A. Surveys 328B. Major journals and article sources 330C. Professional organizations and special interest groups 331II. Mathematics Learning: Theories and Practices 332III. Mathematics Teaching 336A. Teachers and teaching 336B. Teacher education and professional development 338IV. Mathematics Learning and Teaching: Specific Topics 340A. Number and operations 340B. Algebraic thinking and representation 342C. Geometry, visualization, and spatial reasoning 343D. Measurement, statistics, and probability 345E. Calculus and advanced topics 345V. Assessments of Mathematics Learning,Teaching, and Curriculum 347A. Practices and findings 347B. International comparisons 348 327
Co^temporary Issues and Priorities in Mathematics Education 351A. Equity and social justice 351B. Technology 352C. Curriculum analysis and reform 354Philosophy of Mathematics Education 355
Mathematics Education is a relatively recent field of study, but an active one with many sub-fields. During its century-old history, the past four decades in particular have seen enormous growth. In general, one finds in the mathematics education literature research reports, theory development, program evaluation, policy statements, curriculum materials (including software), surveys of specific areas (including one or more of the above), and descriptions of approaches to teaching and learning and uses of curriculum materials. For the present purposes, we have chosen to focus our chapter on the first two-research and theory development, and surveys related to them-as these are most relevant to graduate study in mathematics education for either master’s level or doctoral students. Our depiction of the field as a whole is based upon a careful selection of defining categories, and we recognize that any such selection obscures some aspects and highlights others. We have chosen to focus primarily on books and web-based resources, so we include only a handful of review journal articles.Research in mathematics education ranges from studies of young children to adults, from large-scale experimental designs to single-subject case studies. Math education research is conducted in a variety of contexts ranging from classroom settings to everyday locales. It is an international field, and much is done collaboratively. We have included some work specific to the U.S. context, but much pertains to the international field as a whole.
