ABSTRACT
Textile nishing is a general term applied to various processes that the textile materials undergo after pretreatments, dyeing, or printing for nal adornments to enhance their attractiveness as well as comfort and durability. Chemical processing of textiles involves three stages such as pretreatment, coloration, and nishing. Finishing is the nal step in the fabric manufacturing process, which will add value to the fabric. Finish can be either chemicals that change the fabric’s aesthetic and/or physical properties or changes in texture or surface characteristics brought about by physically manipulating the fabric with mechanical devices. Finishing is understood to involve all those processes that cannot be classied under dyeing and printing. Besides washing, this includes desizing, steaming, setting, and the production of various effects such as calendering and raising as well as treatments to improve serviceability properties such as water-repellent, shrink-resistant, wrinkle-resistant, and soil-release nishes. Most nishes are applied to fabrics such as woven, knitted, and nonwovens.
