ABSTRACT
Lymphadenopathy will usually present as solitary or multiple solid lumps in either side of the neck, but may be ‘cystic’ when necrotic.
Da¨hnert (2007), 399-400.
27) a. Intestinal malrotation is defined as a congenital abnormal position of the bowel within the peritoneal cavity, occurring as a result of disruption of the normal embryological process of gut rotation and fixation. It is associated with abnormal bowel fixation by mesenteric bands or lack of fixation of parts of the bowel, which may result in obstruction, volvulus and bowel necrosis. The position of the duodenojejunal junction (and by implication the ligament of Treitz) can help to identify the presence of malrotation and its type, and should be determined on every paediatric upper gastrointestinal contrast examination. The duodenojejunal junction normally lies to the left of the left-sided pedicles of the vertebral body, at the level of the duodenal bulb on frontal views. Malrotation is associated with medial and inferior displacement of the duodenojejunal junction. Occasionally, the normal duodenojejunal junction may be displaced inferiorly by a distended stomach or dilated adjacent bowel segment, due to laxity of the peritoneal ligaments, which may mimic malrotation.
