ABSTRACT
This chapter is based on Sven E. Jorgensen and S. N. Nielsen, where a general procedure to perform integrated environmental and ecological management has been proposed. It presents this procedure with indications of how to use it particularly for management of inland water ecosystem. Integrated ecological and environmental management means that the environmental problems are viewed from a holistic angle considering the ecosystem as an entity and considering the entire spectrum of solutions including all possible combinations of proposed solutions. A holistic integrated approach is needed in most cases because the problems and the corresponding ecological changes in the ecosystems are most often very complex, particularly when several environmental problems are interacting. A massive use of ecological models as an environmental management tool was initiated in the early seventies. Environmental management scenarios, preferably developed by ecological models, are tested by means of the ecological sustainability trigon.
