ABSTRACT
Many cellular processes are rapid and transitory. Consequently, their monitoring requires extremely fast methods such as electrophysiology or imaging. Application of rapid reaction techniques to biochemical studies have generally followed the paradigms inherent in rapid-mixing systems. Rapid kinetics systems have been used in a wide variety of biochemical studies. These include the study of enzyme kinetics (Barman and Gutfreund, 1965; Walinder and Joshi, 1974; Fersht and Jakes, 1975; Langowski et al., 1984; Anderson et al., 1991), protein folding (Blond-Elguindi et al., 1988; Radford et al., 1992; Jennings and Wright, 1993; Jennings et al., 1993; Mullins et al., 1993; Varley et al., 1993), formation of second messengers in signal transduction (Breer et al., 1990; Boekhoff et al., 1990; Boekhoff and Breer, 1992;
Boekhoff et al., 1994; Spielman et al., 1996; Rosenzweig et al., 1999; Huang et al., 1999 Yan et al., 2001), kinetics of calcium release in cells (Inesi, 1988; Calviello and Ciesi, 1989; Champeil et al., 1989; Orlowski and Champeil, 1991), and at intrasynaptosomal junctions (Tareilus and Breer, 1992), receptor-mediated ion fluxes (Cash et al., 1991; Ly and Michaelis, 1991; Mihic et al., 1991), the rate of dephosphorylation of phospholamban (Antipenko et al., 1997a, 1997b, 1999), and fast time measurements of drug transport and their effects in cells (Cano-Gauci et al., 1990; Bilgin et al., 1992).
