ABSTRACT
Solid-state lamps, that is, light-emitting diodes, are considered by many to be the future of lighting. Indeed, they have evolved to such an extent that they demonstrate several advantages over the other technologies, and they have already dominated some applications. Of course, there are still some issues that are limiting factors for their further development, such as the issue of thermal management. A large number of scientists are working intensively on the technology of solid-state lamps and, more particularly, they are focused on understanding how to create light through the
crystals, the reliability and performance of the materials in order to reduce production costs, the development of phosphor powders for conversion of radiation with good quantum eciency, the geometry and materials of various parts for better extraction of photons, their sensitivity to temperature and humidity, and, nally, on improving the control electronics of the large number of units needed to produce high luminous ux and color reliability.
