ABSTRACT
Imaging has been increasingly acknowledged as possessing a useful endpoint in clinical trials, especially as either objective response or progression-free survival. Although imaging’s use for treatment response assessment is becoming more accepted, many issues remain unresolved, particularly in the needs for image quantification and the challenge of standardizing imaging protocols across institutions participating as cooperative group members in clinical trials. For the past decade, NCI has supported the development of informatics tools and semantic standards, many of which support cancer imaging research. Several broad initiatives have addressed such issues:
1. The NCI/Association of American Cancer Institutes initiated the formation of Image Response Assessment Teams, now built upon by imaging efforts within Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA);
2. The workshop organized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology entitled “Imaging as a Bio marker: Standards for Change Measurements in Therapy” in 2006 (National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST));
3. The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) coordinated Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance between drug and equipment industries, imaging scientists, and professional societies with an aim to develop and
17.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................163 17.2 Foundation of NCI Imaging Informatics-TCIA ..............................................................163
