ABSTRACT
Specimen-induced aberrations a§ect the imaging properties in optical three-dimensional (3D) microscopy, especially when high-numerical-aperture (NA) lenses are used. In Chapter 4, we have measured aberrations to understand their e§ect toward image quality parameters, such as intensity and resolution. Apart from these e§ects, aberrations can also introduce geometric image distortions, a fact that is o¦en overlooked. ”is is because it cannot be observed directly in the reciprocal epi-con˜guration of a common «uorescence microscope. Still the e§ect of specimen-induced distortions can lead to substantial errors for spatial measurements.
