ABSTRACT
As is well known, all laboratory plasmas are not self-sustaining. Therefore, to produce a stable plasma, it must be heated. Plasma heating is the most important topic covered in all fields of plasma physics and can be achieved by charged or neutral beam injection and by the interaction between electromagnetic waves and plasmas, which is a common and practical method for plasma heating. In low-temperature and low-pressure plasmas, the discharge is sustained by electron impact ionization, and the energy of electromagnetic waves impacts electrons.
