ABSTRACT
Simple renal cyst is a common, benign condition usually detected incidentally.
The Bosniak classification system is used to distinguish simple cysts from complex renal cysts and cystic renal cell carcinoma.
Acquired renal cystic disease occurs in patients with renal failure and is characterized by bilateral cortical and/or medullary cysts. It is associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma.
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disease of the collecting duct characterized by multiple large renal cysts, progressive renal insufficiency, and extrarenal manifestations including hepatic cysts and cerebral artery aneurysm. Treatment is supportive care.
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disease associated with cystic dilatation of the collecting ducts and characterized by large, hyperechogenic kidneys, hepatic fibrosis, renal insufficiency, respiratory distress, and hypertension. Treatment is supportive care.
