ABSTRACT
From a statistical point of view, epidemiology investigates the association between risk and disease by estimating the prevalence and/or incidence of disease and risk factor with various designs. The two most important designs are the cohort and case-control designs, where with the former, the relative risk (RR) parameter measures the association between disease and risk, while with the latter, the odds ratio (OR) parameter measures that association. In this chapter, the Bayesian approach is taken whereby the posterior distribution of the RR is determined for the cohort study, the OR for the case-control design, and both (RR and OR) for the cross-sectional study.
