ABSTRACT
There are numerous options for chronic dialysis including peritoneal dialysis (PD), intravenous catheter-based dialysis, and arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). The choice of dialysis depends on many factors, such as patient age, social situation, opportunities for kidney transplantation, and options for venous access. With the promotion of the Fistula First National Vascular Access Improvement Initiative (www.fistulafirst.org), however, there have been increased efforts to create arteriovenous fistulas as primary hemodialysis access in children.
