ABSTRACT
Vacant Lattice Sites...................................................................... 467
13.1.2 The Concentration of Vacancies in an Elemental
Crystal at Equilibrium .................................................................. 468
13.1.3 Interstitial Defects and Divacancies............................................. 470
13.2 Point Defects in Stoichiometric Compound Crystals ............................... 472
13.2.1 Frenkel Defects............................................................................. 474
13.2.2 Schottky Defects........................................................................... 477
13.2.3 Combined Defects in Binary Compounds ................................... 479
13.2.4 Multivariate Equilibrium among Defects in a
Stoichiometric Compound Crystal ............................................... 480
13.3 Nonstoichiometric Compound Crystals .................................................... 483
13.3.1 Equilibrium in Compound Crystals with a Variety
of Defects...................................................................................... 484
13.3.2 Illustration of the Conditions for Equilibrium for Alumina........ 488
13.4 Impurities in Nonstoichiometric Compounds ........................................... 490
13.5 Summary.................................................................................................... 491
References............................................................................................................. 493
Stable solids are generally crystalline. Atoms of the components vibrate about
well-defined positions in space relative to one another. This local pattern repeats
indefinitely in three dimensions. This characteristic periodic structure plays a key
role in determining most of the physical, electronic, mechanical and chemical
properties of solids.
