ABSTRACT
What happens to those who violate responsible conduct? The penalties for scienti c misconduct vary from instance to instance. In some cases, the extent of the penalty is that the researcher’s reputation is forever tainted, such as with Watson and Crick (whom some people will never forgive for the controversy that enveloped them) and Rosalind Franklin after they solved the structure of DNA.1 In more of cial penalties, sanctions could be levied upon the researcher or the researcher might even be terminated.
