ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book highlights the strengthened role of religion in constitutional desecularization as a constitutional language that alters the formal regulation of equal liberty. It suggests that a more nuanced approach to the categorization of constitutions that are nominally religious. Constitutional desecularization is an outcome of political Islam and should thus be analyzed as such, not as primarily a religious or cultural product. Constitutional desecularization represents a formal obstacle to the achievement of constitutionalism and international human rights law through the type of normative standards that it establishes. In entrenching a constitutional external aim that limits equal liberty, constitutional desecularization can additionally be understood as a rejection or erosion of constitutional democracy. A commitment to democratic self-governance, like commitments to the protection of individual rights, are linked by a commitment to the equal liberty of individuals as constitutionalism entails.
