ABSTRACT
Extrapolation of data from animals to humans can be problematic because of differences between species. Human studies can be conducted by performing epidemiological studies. Epidemiology is the examination of the distribution and determinants of diseases or health-related circumstances, good or bad, in identified populations. Epidemiology’s intent is to apply what is learned from such examination to the control of health-related problems. Epidemiological studies uncover relationships between exposure to substances and health effects. Epidemiological methods for study strategy, data collection, and data analysis are used for testing hypotheses linking health effects with the distribution of substances.
