ABSTRACT
Haematuria may be painful or painless. As a rule any adult presenting with haematuria where a benign cause cannot be excluded should be referred to the urology clinic for investigation to excluded malignancy. Such investigation will usually require imaging of the renal tract (IVU or renal ultrasound and plain X-ray) and cystoscopy. Similarly all children presenting with haematuria required follow up. Haematuria is often classified into initial stream, whole stream or terminal. In practice this classification does little to aid diagnosis or management. It should be remembered that haematuria may be the presenting complaint in medical as well as surgical conditions (e.g. nephritis).
