ABSTRACT
Slope monitoring data provides an important means to calibrate and constrain detailed numerical models. Conventional slope monitoring, continues to represent the favored means by which to measure and monitor slope deformation directions, magnitudes and rates, both on surface and at depth. The extensive system in place is used for both investigative and predictive monitoring, and involves the continuous monitoring of a large number of piezometers, in-place inclinometers, extensometers, water weirs, load cells and tiltmeters. Investigative monitoring can be used to obtain a greater understanding of the slope behavior, thus enabling the correct approach to be taken or to confirm that the approach taken was correct. Efforts to improve predictive monitoring have seen several multi-disciplinary studies focused on improving our understanding of complex landslide deformation mechanisms. The system at Turtle Mountain also combines surface-and borehole-mounted geophones, and builds on earlier experiences with seismic monitoring at Turtle Mountain carried out between 1983 and 1992.
