NICARDIPINE

Trade name: Cardene (Roche) Other common trade names:Antagonil; Dagan; Loxen; Nicardal; Nicodel; Ranvil;

Ridene; Rydene Indications: Angina, hypertension Category: Antianginal; Antimigraine; Calcium channel blocker Half-life: 2-4 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: epirubicin, imatinib

Reactions

Skin Allergic reactions (sic)

Edema (1%) Exanthems Flushing (5.6%) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1990): Webster J+, Br J Clin Pharmacol 29, 587P Peripheral edema (7.1%) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1990): Webster J+, Br J Clin Pharmacol 29, 587P (leg edema) Rash (sic) (1.2%) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1985): Deedwania PC+, Clin Pharmacol Ther 37, 190 (1985): Gelman JS+, Am J Cardiol 56, 232 Side effects (sic) (1993): Kitamura K+, J Dermatol 20, 279 (psoriasiform) Urticaria (1983): Brodmerkel GJ, Ann Intern Med 99, 415 (1983): Fisher JR+, Ann Intern Med 98, 671 (1982): Grunwald Z, Drug Intell Clin Pharm 16, 492

Other Erythromelalgia

(1989): Drenth JH, BMJ 298, 1582 (1989): Levesque H+, BMJ 298, 1252 Gingival hyperplasia (<1%) Headache Myalgia (1%)

(1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) Paresthesias (1%) Parotitis Tinnitus Xerostomia (1.4%)

Trade names: Habitrol Patch (Novartis); Nicoderm (GSK); Nicorette (GSK); Nicotrol (Pharmacia)

Other common trade names: Exodus; Nicabate; Nicolan; Nicorette Plus; NicotinellTTS; Nicotrans; Nikofrenon; Stubit

Indications: Aid to smoking cessation Category: Smoking deterrent Half-life: varies with the delivery system*

Reactions

Skin Dermatitis

(1993): Farm G, Contact Dermatitis 29, 214 Diaphoresis (1-3%) Edema Erythema (>10%) Flushing Pruritus (>10%) Rash (sic) Urticaria Vasculitis (1996): Van der Klauw MM+, Br J Dermatol 134, 361

Other Application-site burning

Appllcation-site erythema Application-site pruritus Dysgeusia Headache Hypersensitivity (<1%) Myalgia (1-10%) Paresthesias Sialorrhea (>10%)

Stomatitis (>10%) Tinnitus Tremor Xerostomia (1-3%)

*Note: Smoking cessation therapy has various delivery systems. These include: transdermal patches, chewing gum, nasal spray, inhaler, and oral forms

Trade names: Adalat (Bayer); Procardia (Pfizer) Other common trade names: Adalate; Apo-Nifed; Aprical; Calcilat; Coracten;

Corogal; Corotrend; Nifecor; Nu-Nifed; Pidilat Indications: Angina, hypertension Category: Antianginal; Antimigraine; Calcium channel blocker Half-life: 2-5 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: epirubicin,

grapefruit juice, imatinib, rifampin, ritonavir

Reactions

Skin Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)

(1995): Moreau A+, Int J Dermatol 34, 263 (passim) (1991): Roujeau J-C+, Arch Dermatol 127, 1333 Angioedema (<1%) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 Ankle edema (1994): Mohammed KN, Ann Pharmacother 28, 967 (1991): Salmasi AM+, Int J Cardiol 30, 303 (1989): Williams SA+, Eur J Clin Pharmacol 37, 333 (1978): Bridgman JF, BMJ 276, 578 Bullous eruption (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1987): Alcalay J+, Dermatologica 175, 191 Chills (2%) Dermatitis (sic) (<2%) Diaphoresis (<2%) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1983): Lewis JG, Drugs 25, 196

Edema (1983): Lewis JG, Drugs 25, 196 (1978): Bridgman JF, BMJ 276, 578 (erythematous, of legs) Erysipelas (1988): Leibovici V+, Cutis 41, 367 (1983): Lewis JG, Drugs 25, 196 Erythema (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1992): Gonzalez-Castro U+, Med Clin (Barc) (Spanish) 98, 759 Erythema multiforme (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1997): Springuel P, Can Med Assoc J 156, 90 (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1986): Myrhed M+, Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 58, 133 Erythema nodosum (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 Exanthems (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1995): Litt JZ, Beachwood, OH (personal case) (observation) (1992): Parish LC+, Cutis 49, 113 (morbilliform) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1987): Alcalay J+, Dermatologica 175, 191 (1985): Findlay GH, S Afr Med J 68, 176 (1983): Lewis JG, Drugs 25, 196 (1%) (1982): Grunwald Z, Drug Intell Clin Pharm 16, 492 (1980): Antman E+, N Engl J Med 302, 1269 (1 %) Exfoliative dermatitis (<1%) (1994): Mohammed KN, Ann Pharmacother 28, 967 (1993): Collins P, Br J Dermatol 129, 630 (passim) (1989): Reynolds HJ+, Br J Dermatol 121, 401 (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1984): Scoble JE+, Clin Nephrol 21, 302 Facial edema (1%) Fixed eruption (1993): Litt JZ, Beachwood, OH (personal case) (observation) (1987): Alcalay J+, Dermatologica 175, 191 (1986): Alcalay J+, BMJ 292, 450 Flushing (3-25%) (2001): Rudolph RI, Wyomissing, PA (from Internet) (observation) (1992): Shelley WB+, Advanced Dermatologic Diagnosis WB Saunders, 582 (passim) (1985): Aberg H+, Drugs 29(Suppl 2), 117 (22%) (1983): Lewis JG, Drugs 25, 196 (5-15%) (1980): Antman E+, N Engl J Med 302, 1269 (11%) Lichenoid eruption

(1989): Reynolds HJ+, Br J Dermatol 121, 401 (1988): Leibovici V+, Cutis 41, 367 (1984): Scoble JE+, Clin Nephrol 21, 302 Lupus erythematosus (2003): Gubinelli E+, J Cutan Med Surg (1998): Callen JP, Academy ’98 Meeting (1997): Crowson AN+, Hum Pathol 28, 67 Painful edema of extremities (1985): Findlay GH, S Afr Med J 68, 176 (1982): Grunwald Z, Drug Intell Clin Pharm 16, 492 Pemphigoid nodularis (2000): Ameen M+, Br J Dermatol 142, 575 Pemphigus foliaceus (1993): Kim S-C+, Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 73, 210 Periorbital edema (1%) (1985): Tordjman K+, Am J Cardiol 55, 1445 Peripheral edema (10-30%) (2002): No author, Medscape Primary Care 4 (1996): Tailor SA+, Arch Dermatol 132, 350 (with itraconazole) Photosensitivity (1996): Seggev JS+, J Allergy Clin Immunol 97, 852 (1991): Zenarola P+, Dermatologica 182, 196 (1990): Guarrera M+, Photodermatology 7, 25 (1988): Zlotogorski A, Dermatologica 177, 249 (1986): Thomas SE+, BMJ 292, 992 Prurigo nodularis (1992): Shelley WB+, Cutis 50, 179 (observation) Prurius (<2%) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1993): Collins P, Br J Dermatol 129, 630 (passim) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 Purpura (<2%) (1990): Regazzini R+, Chron Derm (Italian) 21, 225 (1989): Oren R+, Drug Intell Clin Pharm 23, 88 (1985): Findlay GH, S Afr Med J 68, 176 Rash (sic) (<3%) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 Shaking (sic) (2%) Side effects (sic) (1993): Kitamura K+, J Dermatol 20, 279 (psoriasiform) Stevens-Johnson syndrome (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1993): Collins P, Br J Dermatol 129, 630 (passim) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829

Telangiectasia (1994): Shelley WB+, Cutis 53, 40 (observation) (1993): Collins P, Br J Dermatol 129, 630 (photodistribution) (1992): Tsele E+, Lancet 339, 365 Toxic epidermal necrolysis (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1993): Collins P, Br J Dermatol 129, 630 (passim) Ulcerations (1999): Luca S+, Minerva Cardioangiol 47, 219 Urticaria (<1%) (1999): Luca S+, Minerva Cardioangiol 47, 219 (legs) (1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1991): Zenarola P+, Dermatologico 182, 196 (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1988): Toner M+, Chest 93, 1320 (1986): Myrhed M+, Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 58, 133 (1978): Bridgman JF, BMJ 276, 578 Vasculitis (1989): Oren R+, Drug Intell Clin Pharm 23, 88 (1987): Alcalay J+, Dermatologico 175, 191 (1985): Brenner S+, Harefuah (Hebrew) 108, 139

Hair Hair-alopecia (1%)

(1998): Knowles S+, J Am Acad Dermatol 38, 201 (passim) (1993): Collins P, Br J Dermatol 129, 630 (passim) (1989): Reynolds HJ+, Br J Dermatol 121, 401 (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 Hair-pigmentation (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829

Nails Nails-dystrophy

(1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829

Other Dysgeusia (<1%)

Erythromelalgia (<0.5%) (1989): Stern R+, Arch Intern Med 149, 829 (1987): Alcalay J+, Dermatologico 175, 191 (1983): Brodmerkel GJ, Ann Intern Med 99, 415 (1983): Fisher JR+, Ann Intern Med 98, 671 Gingival hyperplasia (>10%) (2001): Uzel MI+, J Periodontol 72(7), 921 (2000): James JA+, J Clin Periodontol 27, 109 (with cyclosporine) (1999): Ellis JS+, J Periodontol 70, 63 (6.3%)

(1998): Bokor-Bratic M+, Med Pregl (Serbo-Croatian [Roman]) 51, 445 (1998): Desai P+, J Can Dent Assoc 64, 263 (1998): Nakou M+, J Periodontol 69, 664 (1998): Nohl F+, Ther Umsch (German) 55, 573 (1997): Jackson C+, N Y State Dent J 63, 46 (1997): Slezak R, J West Soc Periodontal Periodontal Abstr 45, 105 (1997): Thomason JM+, Clin Oral Investig 1, 35 (1997): Westbrook P+, J Periodontol 68, 645 (1996): Abitbol TE+, N Y State Dent J 63, 34 (1996): Ciantar M, Dent Update 23, 374 (1996): Darbar UR+, J Clin Periodontol 23, 941 (1996): Deen-Duggins L+, Quintessence Int 27, 163 (4 cases) (1996): Saito K+, J Periodontol Res 31, 545 (1995): Harel-Raviv M+, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endoc 79, 715 (1995): Nery EB+, J Periodontol 66, 572 (1995): Ramsdale DR+, Br Heart J 73, 115 (1995): Silverstein LH+, J Oral Implantol 21, 116 (1995): Wynn RL, Gen Dent 43, 218 (1994): Henderson JS+, Miss Dent Assoc J 50, 12 (1994): Shelley WB+, Cutis 53, 282 (passim) (1993): King GN+, J Clin Periodontol 20, 286 (1993): Morisaki I+, J Periodontal Res 28, 396 (1993): Steele RM+, Arch Intern Med 120, 663 (1992): Hancock RH+, J Clin Periodontol 19, 12 (1991): Nishikawa SJ+, J Periodontol 62, 30 (1991): Wynn RL, Gen Dent 39, 240 (1989): Veraldi S+, Clin Exp Dermatol 14, 93 (1988): Boisnic S+, Ann Dermatol Venereol (French) 115, 373 (1988): Zlotogorski A, Dermatologica 177, 249 (1986): Bencini PL+, G Ital Dermatol Venereol (Italian) 121, 29 (1986): Jones CM, Br Dent J 160, 416 (1985): Bencini PL+, Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 65, 362 (1985): Lucas RM+, J Periodontol 56, 211 (1984): Lederman D+, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 57, 620 (1984): Ramon Y+, Int J Cardiol 5, 195 Gynecomastia (<1%) (1995): Marcos-Olea JL+, Aten Primaria (Spanish) 16, 115 (1988): Zlotogorski A, Dermatologico 177, 249 (1986): Clyne CAC, BMJ 292, 380 Headache Myalgia (<1%) Paresthesias (<3%) (1982): Macdonald JB, BMJ 285, 1744 Parosmia Parotitis

Tinnitus Tremor (2-8%) Xerostomia (<3%)

Trade name: Nimotop (Bayer) Other common trade names: Admon; Periplum; Vasotop Indications: Subarachnoid hemorrhage Category: Calcium channel blocker Half-life: 3 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: epirubicin, imatinib

Reactions

Skin Acne (<1%)

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) (1999): Zabawski E+, Dallas, TX (from Internet) (observation) Diaphoresis (<1%) Edema (2%) Exanthems (2.4%) (1989): Langley MS+, Drugs 37, 669 Flushing (2.1%) Peripheral edema Pruritus (<1%) Purpura Rash (sic) (3%)

Hair Hair-alopecia

(1995): Daghfous R+, Therapie (French) 50, 590

Other Headache