ABSTRACT
After reading this chapter you should understand: (a) the processes of generating, forming and copying shapes using conventional machine
tools (b) the essential features of the five groups of most commonly used basic machine tools (c) how material is cut using single-and multiedged cutters (d) how high-precision and ultrasmooth surfaces are produced using grinding, honing and
lapping processes (e) why specific cutting pressure is important and how it is used to calculate cutting power
requirements (f) the principal factors controlling the life of a cutting edge (g) the range of materials from which cutting tools are made (h) what is meant by hot hardness and its influence on tool life (i) why cutting fluids are used and their contribution to enhancing cutting efficiency (j) the operating principles and major benefits of non-traditional machining processes such
as ultrasonic, water jet, electrochemical, chemical, electro-discharge, electron beam, laser beam and plasma arc cutting,
(k) why machining plastics is so difficult.
