ABSTRACT

The Prevalence and Clinical Significance of PN-Associated Liver Disease .........................................................................................................250 Histologic Abnormalities .......................................................................................251 Pathogenesis of PN-Associated Liver Disease .....................................................251 Underlying Disease................................................................................................251 Malabsorption and Nutrient Deficiencies..............................................................252 Nutrient Toxicities .................................................................................................253 Prevention and Treatment of PN-Associated Liver Disease.................................254 Biliary Abnormalities Associated with PN Use....................................................256