ABSTRACT
With the unceasing rise of global temperature as well as the climate anomalies in the worldwide scale, people gradually pay attention to the issues of climate change caused by the emission of greenhouse gases from human activities. In 1992, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was signed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Riode Janeiro. In order to control the global emissions of greenhouse gases below expected levels, the Kyoto Protocol on limiting greenhouse gases was formulated at the Conference of the Parties (COP) in Kyoto, Japan in 1997. The Kyoto Protocol defined the quantitative objective for the Parties in reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in its annex, to individually or jointly and discriminatively guarantee the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions in 2008-2012 can decrease by 5.4% in comparison with that in 1990; according to the historical emissions of various countries, it defined the emission reduction targets for relevant countries in the Annex B of this Protocol, and established the primary rules for distribution methods.
